Honoring King by ReadWorks.org

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Article: Honoring King
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Questions

1. What is a "day on" instead of a "day off" for Martin Luther King Jr. Day?
2. What does a "day on" mean to you?
3. When did Martin Luther King Jr. live?
4. What are civil rights?
5. What does the author mean by "the South was segregated"?
6. On the second paragraph, what four things were black people not allowed as white people?
7. What did King do in the 1950s and 1960s?
8. What was the name of the famous boycott in 1955?
9. Why was that 1995 boycott famous?
10. Who ruled that segregation on buses was illegal?
11. When did King deliver his famous, "I have a Dream" speech?
12. How many people were in attendance to hear his speech?
13. Where did King make his speech?
14. What did King's speech say?
15. What do Civil Rights Laws protect?
16. What does it mean "the legacy of a leader"?
17. What was King's legacy?
18. What does this statement "Everybody can be great because everybody can serve" mean to you?
19. When and where was King born?
20. When did King receive the Nobel Peace Prize?
21. When was King assassinated?
22. When was King Day first observed as a national holiday?

Walking Tall by ReadWorks.org

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Article: Walking Tall
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Questions

1. What did Ruby Bridges' mother say to her before going to school?
2. In what date did Ruby's mother say this to Ruby?
3. How many Federal Court Marshalls escort Ruby to school?
4. In which city did Ruby Bridge live?
5. In which grade was Ruby?
6. What was the name of the school Ruby attended?
7. What was waiting for Ruby and the four U.S. Federal Court Marshalls?
8. On paragraph 3, what is the main idea?
9. On paragraph 4, what can you infer the case of Brown v. Board of Education was about?
10. Who ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional?
11. Which city was not following the court's ruling in 1960?
12. What inference can be made about the author's message about segregation by reading, "By the year 1960, however, many Southern cities, including New Orleans, were still not following the court's ruling.  That prompted a federal court to take action in New Orleans.  It ordered the city to desegregate its public schools.  Ruby Bridges was one of the first students to lead the way"?
13. What conclusion can be drawn about the effects civil rights has on the whole U.S. population?
14. Did Ruby attend her class on the first day of school at William Frantz Public School?
15. Who was Ruby's teacher?
16. How many students were in Ruby's classroom the next day?
17. How many students were in Ruby's classroom the rest of the school year?
18. By the late 1960s, most schools in the United States were no longer segregated, thanks to the efforts of Civil Rights workers.  True or False
19. Which law protected African Americans' rights to seek jobs?

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Epilogue

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Epilogue: Love Life, Not Stuff


Page 181

1. The Gifts of Imperfection by Dr. Brene Brown
2. Authenticity as "the daily practice of letting go of who we think we're supposed to be and embracing who we are."

Page 182

3. I find it hard to believe that the same kid who once savored small pleasures became such a materialistic young adult.
4. After acquiring these material things, I realized life is too valuable to be spent chasing possessions.
5. Trading my time for the money to buy a "cool" identity, a car, and a big house seems like no kind of bargain at all.
6. The focus is on life, not stuff.

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 12

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label: Todd Kashdan,

Chapter 12: The Power of Tiny Pleasures

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Page 166

1. Humans are notoriously bad at predicting what will make them happy.
2. One major reason for simplifying my life the way I have has been to reverse this equation: to emphasize right now over what may or may not be tomorrow.
3. Curious? by Todd Kashdan
4. Kashdan's research shows that if you're constantly seeking out new information and experiences, and then integrating them into your life, new pathways form in your brain.

Page 167

5. Happiness research has shown that people who savor life experiences are less neurotic and more self-confident.
6. Humans adapt to any type of experience, but scholars suggest that we're less likely to adapt to tiny pleasures because, by their nature, they are unexpected and different each time they occur.
7. Happiness is something you have to practice every day.
8. How do you practice happiness?  By choosing activities that spur your curiosity and engagement with the present moment.
9. There is a lot of value to a simpler life-one that focuses on small acts of kindness, developing social connections, expressing gratitude, being mindful, and even purchasing a few tiny pleasures.

Page 168

10. Working with victims of violence altered my perception of the world; it stretched me in a good way.  I became cognizant of the importance of kindness and social support.  Social support is critical to leading a happy and healthy life.
11. For me, an act of kindness is an expression of compassionate gratitude that increases my appreciation of what I already have.

Page 171

12. Researchers at Duke University found that a twenty-minute walk three time sa week was more effective than being on an antidepressant.
13. Gallup Healthways Well-Being Index, which revealed," Those who exercise at least two days per week report experiencing more happiness and less stress than those who do not."
14. Physical exercise keeps you fit, gives you more energy, makes you feel less stressed, and even makes you more apt to be kind to others.
15. If you want to increase your overall happiness, you need to exercise.
16. Micro-Actions
a. Make a list of your current tiny pleasures
b. Do something kind for another person everyday
c. Ruminate Less
d. Identify one thing you can do every day to improve a skill

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 11

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Chapter 11: The Art of Community Building

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Page 154

1. The Irresistible Revolution by Shane Claiborne

Page 158

2. Institute for Research on Unlimited Love, Director Stephen Post
3. "It's Good to Be Good" Report by Stephen Post

Page 159

4. The Story of Stuff by Annie Leonard
5. Leonard: "When we act from our community or citizen selves, we can think more broadly.  We consider the impact of our actions and we can broaden our thinking about strategies to make change."
6. Social capital created by Social Scientist
7. A number of studies have shown that in times of distress, people survive and thrive by helping one another.  That is why nurturing relationships and community is so important.
8. Volunteers were trained in active listening techniques and encouraged to call each patient once a month.
9. This is great news because happiness spreads through social networks, which include neighbors, family members, and friends.
10. Pro-Social Spending= donating money to a cause you believe in will make you happy

Page 162

11. I Thought It Was Just Me by Dr. Brene Brown

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 10

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Chapter 10: Relationship Matter, Not Things


Page 141

1. My aunt taught me that the key to real, long-lasting happiness is to develop good relationships.

Page 152

2. Actively communicate
3. Make a list of activities you love and engage in those activities with loved ones

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 9

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Chapter 9: Money vs Experiences


Page 132

1. "Breaking the Spell of Money" by Scott Russell Sanders

Page 135

2. Elizabeth W. Dunn and her colleagues explained that income is not a strong predictor of happiness once our basic needs are met.
3. Humans adapt very rapidly to new things in their lives, so the happiness from "newness" wears off quickly.
4. Spending money on experiences-concert tickets, taking a yoga class, or going on vacation-typically produces more, and longer lasting, satisfaction than buying stuff because we're impacting our well being, and joyful memories continue to feed us.

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 8

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Part 3: Buying Happiness
Chapter 8: Time Is The Only Real Wealth

Page 117

1. Curious by Todd Kashdan
2. Paper: "Are We Having More Fun Yet?" by Princeton Economist Alan Krueger

Page 118

3. Researchers found that when subjects focused on spending time with friends and family, they worked less and were happier, whereas those who focused on making money worked more, socialized less, and were not as happy.
4. Increased happiness requires a shift in attention toward time
5. 168 Hours by Laura Vanderkam

Page 119

6. Study "Stress That Doesn't Pay: The Commuting Paradox" by Alois Stutzer and Bruno Frey

Page 125

7. The researchers said the Internet has "an indirect, enabling, and empowering role leading to a greater sense of freedom and control which in turn leads to greater life satisfaction."

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 7

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Chapter 7: Reclaiming Work

Page 100

1. Red Willow Digital Press

Page 101

2. Chris: I don't want them to go back to work.  I'm not saying this is how you should live, but you should have the opportunity to decide.  Our goal is to live simply and not work more than four hours a day.

Page 106

3. Rowdykittens.com was created in December 2007
4. First year on her own as a writer she made $20K+

Page 108

5. Smalltopia: A Practical Guide to Working for Yourself
6. Gretchen Rubin notes in "The Happiness Project 'Happiness doesn't always make you feel happy.'"

Page 109

7. Writer didn't find success until August 2010, about 2.5 years later

Page 112

8. Ruling Your World by Sakyong Mipham
9. Mipham notes: "The most practical way to ensure forward movement on the path of rulership is to train for a short time each day in changing our attitude-just 10 percent."
10. If it seems to happen slowly, that's okay.  Living simply has taught me how important it is to let go of rigid expectations and to be open to new opportunities-and how a small shift in attitude can literally change your life.
11. Create a journal that focuses on your passion
12. Every morning, list your three most important tasks for the day
13. Prioritize your spending
14. Take classes and read as much as possible

Page 113

15. Test the waters
16. Be aware of your media consumption
17. Seek out mentors and ask for help

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 6

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Chapter 6: The Joy of the Small House

Page 83

1. Average square footage of house in 1950 was 983
2. 1970 an average square footage of house was 1,400
3. 2004 an average square footage of house was 2,300

Page 85

4. Tiny r(E)volution bloq by Andrew Odom

Page 88

5. Tumbleweed.com website owned by Jay Shafer

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 5

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Chapter 5: Sell What You Can, Give the Rest Away

Page 64

1. Portland Alternative Dwellings, small tiny house company in Portland, Oregon

Page 68

2. I held on to stuff I didn't need or use because I wanted to hold on to that part of my identity, or my perceived identity.

Page 69

3. Psychologist Philip Brickman had a study in 1978 that measured the level of happiness from 2 groups, lottery winners and another group that was left paralyzed after an accident.
4. One Man's Leg by Paul Martin

Page 71

5. Project 333: 33 pieces of clothing

Page 73

6. Simply Car-Free by Tammy Strobel
7. Red Willow Digital Press, a company owned by Chris O'Byrne
8. Tammy's standard question: "has living simply made you happier?"

Page 74

9. The Joy of Living by Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche
10. Rinpoche said, "Ultimately, happiness comes down to choosing between the discomfort of becoming aware of your mental afflictions and the discomfort of being ruled by them."
11. Chris said, "Happiness is being loving.  It's relationships.  Nothing more."
12. Chris: "Another big joy in my life is accepting other people for who they are mad where they're at.  It's all these little things.  It's not about stuff."

Page 75

13. Strobel: The things you can't buy, like wisdom, joy, and happiness.
14. Dee: "Stuff is a huge distraction from your character."

Page 76

15. How We Decide by Jonah Lehrer

Page 78

16. Researchers at Yale University and the University of New Hampshire theorized that people value their belonging because "ownership of goods promotes feelings of security."
17. Evaluate how much time you spend managing your stuff.
18. Evaluate how often you use your stuff.

Page 79

19. Sort your stuff into piles
20. Decide what to do with our stuff
21. Don't fear the trash
22. Talk to your partner
23. Join Project 333

Page 80

24. As you let go of stuff, increase self-care

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 4

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Chapter 4: The Power of Debt

Page 51

1. I always considered car ownership to be a necessity.
2. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing by Lisa Gansky
3. Gansky says, "The appeal of a less-materialistic lifestyle is thrust forward when we can gain access to goods and services only when we want and need them.  We are aligning the value we place on things with the cost of using them.

Page 52

4. Zen Habits by Leo Babauta

Page 54

5. Debt Snowball Method created by Dave Ramsey

Page 55

6. Leo noted, "getting out of debt and simplifying are two sides of the same coin.  Getting out of debt happened because of simplicity.  Living simply has helped me stay out of debt.  Simplicity is an amazing way of life because you focus on the things that matter most, and you realize that all other stuff-like the big house, a new car, and the latest clothes-don't matter."
7. Leo says, "Buying things is just one way to impress other people, and it has a huge cost in terms of time, money, and stress."
8. Leo: "I'm rich in time and rich in relationships.  Since I have more time, my relationships are much better.  I'm much happier now."
9. Mark Twain: "Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things that you didn't do than by the ones you do. So throw off the bowlines.  Sail away from the safe harbor.  Catch the trade winds in your sails.  Explore.  Dream.  Discover."

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 3

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Part 2: Finding Happiness Through Simple Living
Chapter 3: Changing Your Relationship with Stuff

Page 37

1. The Story of Stuff by Annie Leonard
2. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) means to Leonard as "more stuff. Money money.  Just like it sounds, growth means getting bigger."

Page 38

3. The End of Growth by Richard Heinberg
4. Heinberg says, "The subject of happiness was mostly avoided by economists for lack of good ways to measure it; however, in recent years, happiness economists have found ways to combine subjective surveys with objective data (on lifespan, income, and education) to yield data with consistent patterns, making a national happiness index a practical reality."

Page 39

5. Mexico Solidarity Network (MSN)- an organization that advocates for democracy, economic justice, and human rights on both sides of the US-Mexico border.

Page 40

6. Women for Dignity

Page 42

7. As a white, middle-class, privileged American woman, I had spent years chasing after stuff and constantly thirsting for more.

Page 44

8. Traveling to Chiapas was a privilege.  Not everyone has the option of flying to Mexico just to "rethink" their worldview.
9. When I visited the Zapatistas, I met a group of people who had a sense of place, of belonging, and who believed deeply in creating powerful, local economies.  They didn't need anything more than what they had to do this.

Page 45

10. When you travel, pack less.  Rather than bringing along a suitcase loaded with stuff on your next weekend or weeklong adventure, challenge yourself and only bring a backpack.  Take note of how the experience makes you feel and what comes up for you in the process.
11. Wait thirty days before buying stuff.  Today, if I decide to buy anything new, I wait for thirty days (sometimes longer).  Incorporating a waiting period into my routine has helped me avoid impulse purchases and truly think about my needs versus my wants.

Page 46

12. Adopt the "one-in, one-out" rule.  Every time I buy something new, I give something to charity.

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 2

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Chapter 2: The Stuff You Own Owns You

Page 19

1. In 2009, the U.S had 50 thousand self-storage facilities

Page 20

2. Over 212 million people hit the malls on Black Friday.
3. The average person spent $365

Page 22

4. The How of Happiness by Dr. Sonja Lyubomirsky
5. 15% of people in the United States will become clinically depressed at some point during their lifetime.
6. 21% of women....
7. debt can increase a person's chances of developing clinical depression and anxiety
8. Creeping feelings of inadequacy, despair, and shame are often associated with debt.
9. The Gifts of Imperfection by Dr. Brene Brown

Page 23

10. Branded Nation by James Twitchel
11. Deep Economy by Bill McKibben
12. "The more hours you work, the less satisfied you become with your life, even though you make more money."
13. The Overworked American by Juliet Schor
14. Participating in an 'orgy" of consumer spending comes at a heavy cost-freedom of choice.
15. Once you're caught on the work spend treadmill, it's difficult to get off.

Page 24

16. Bowling Alone by Robert Putnam

Page 26

17. As Will Rogers said, "Too many people spend money they haven't earned, to buy things they don't want, to impress people they don't like."

Page 27

18. People want to show others that they are successful, and stuff is proof of our social status.
19. Author Juliet Schor points to homes, clothing, and cars as "the visible triad" of stuff.
20. These are the things we see when we meet people, and we unconsciously use stuff to assess a person's status.
21. Luxury Fever by Robert Frank

Page 28

22. 6% of US adults are addicted to shopping
23. 14 million people in the United States use shopping as an outlet for anger, stress, depression, boredom, self-critical thoughts, tension, anxiety, and loneliness.

Page 32

24. Jay Shafer, Tumbleweed Tiny House Company
25. Dave Bruno, Author
26. 100 Things Challenge by Dave Bruno

Page 33

27. One-in, One-Out Rule
28. Your Money or Your Life by Joe Dominguez and Vicki Robin

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Chapter 1

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Part 1: The Paradox of Stuff
Chapter 1: Buying Things Will Not Make You Happy


Page 10

1. The How of Happiness by Sonja Lyubomirsky
2. The High Price of Materialism by Tim Kasser
3. happy Planex Index

Page 11

4. Tim Kasser argues that "strong materialistic values are associated with a pervasive undermining of people's well-being, from low life satisfaction and happiness, to depression and anxiety, to physical problems such as headaches and to personality disorders, narcissism, and antisocial behavior."
5. Materialistic people hold very high expectations for what their stuff can or should do for them.
6. Materialism distracts us from two main facets in life that actually make us happy-strong relationships and doing work you love.
7. Simplicity Institute, Samuel Alexader & Simon Ussher

Page 14

8. "The Price of Privilege" states that "America's newly identified at-risk group is preteens and teens from affluent, well-educated families."

Page 16

9. "I believe most people want time, love, and attention from their friends and family."

Page 17

10. Ask yourself: "What makes me happy?"
11. Ask yourself: "How can I simplify my life to enhance my happiness?"
12. Write down your definition of happiness
13. Where were you and who were you with at this happy moment?
14. Write down sights, sounds, and smells
15. Capture the whole experience
16. Identify why these moments made you happy

Page 18

17. How can you simplify your life?
18. What changes can you make to your daily routine that will give you more freedom and time?
19. How will those changes make you happier?

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Introduction

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Introduction: Rethinking Normal

Page 1

1. Dee Williams
2. Dee Williams wasn't focused on the acquisition of material goods and was authentically living her ideals.

Page 2

3. Happiness researchers call this a "helper's high," in which helping others through volunteering or giving reduces stress and releases endorphins.
4. On September 2011 the nation's poverty rate rose to 15.1%

Page 3

5. The average American carries over $8,000 in credit card debt and has 6.5 credit cards.
6. Living simply enabled us to make our dreams a reality.
7. The Art of Non-Conformity by Chris Guillebeau
8. Happiness comes from connecting to your community and building strong relationships.

Page 4

9. Money can buy happiness, but it depends on how you spend it.
10. The excessive consumption of material goods won't make you happy over the long run.
11. Learning to get more from less is one way to find happiness, reclaim your time, and live on your own terms.
12. Any kind of life change requires hard work, patience, and the willingness to be open to new perspectives.
13. Living with less is a life philosophy; it's not about the number of things you own.

Page 6

14. "Happiness is not so much in having as sharing.  We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give."

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel, Gratitude

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Gratitude

Page iX

1. RowdyKittens.com
2. As Dennis Waitely, a speaker and writer, once said, "Happiness cannot be traveled to, owned, earned, worn or consumed.  Happiness is a spiritual experience of living every moment with love, grace and gratitude."

You Can Buy Happiness (and It's Cheap) by Tammy Strobel

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Table of Contents

Gratitude
Introduction: Rethinking Normal

Part 1: The Paradox of Stuff

Chapter 1: Buying Things Will Not Make You Happy
Chapter 2: The Stuff You Own Owns You
Part 2: Finding Happiness Through Simple Living
Chapter 3: Changing Your Relationship with Stuff
Chapter 4: The Power of Debt
Chapter 5: Sell What You Can, Give the Rest Away
Chapter 6: The Joy of the Small House
Chapter 7: Reclaiming Work

Part 3: Buying Happiness

Chapter 8: Time Is The Only Real Work
Chapter 9: Money vs Experiences
Chapter 10: Relationship Matter, Not Things
Chapter 11: The Art of Community Building
Chapter 12: The Power of Tiny Pleasures
Epilogue: Love Life, Not Stuff

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz, Chapter 5

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Chapter 5: The Future of Work

Page 85

1. Human nature is to a significant degree the product of human design.
2. If we design work places that permit people to do work they value, we will be designing a human nature that values work.
3. If we design workplaces that permit people to find meaning in their work, we will be designing a human nature that values work.

Page 89

4. The industrial revolution lifted millions of people in the western world out of poverty.
5. But as industrialization has relieved material poverty, industrialization has done so at the price of poverty of spirit.

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz, Chapter 4

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Chapter 4: The Technology of Ideas

Page 62

1. Discoveries tell us things about how the world works.

Page 63

2. Inventions use those discoveries to create objects or processes that make the world work differently.

Page 64

3. Though discoveries often have moral implications, they do not, by themselves, have moral dimensions.
4. Inventions characteristically have moral dimensions

Page 65

5. And like fish that don't know they live in water, we live with such ideas about human nature that are so pervasive that we don't even realize there's another way to look at ourselves.
6. Social Science has created a "technology" of ideas about human nature.

Page 67

7. There are two things about idea technology that make it different from most "thing technology."
8. First, because ideas are not objects, to be seen, purchased, and touched, they can suffuse through the culture and have profound effects on people before they are even noticed.
9. Second, ideas, unlike things, can have profound effects on people even if the ideas are false.

Page 69

10. Professionals who bill by the hour, like lawyers and consultants, start putting a price on their time, even when they aren't at work.
11. So a person who bills by the hour becomes a different person than she was before she started working in that way.

Page 71

12. The Righteous Mind by Jonathan Haidt
13. The naive realist is someone who thinks that "I see things as they are; people who disagree with me are distorting the truth."

Page 72

14. What this means is that a theory that is false can become true simply by people believing it's true.

Page 73

15. How does ideology become true in this way?  There are three basic dynamics.
16. The first way ideology becomes true is by changing how people think about their own actions.
17. The second mechanism by which ideology becomes true is via what is called the "self-fulfilling prophecy."

Page 74

18. The phrase "self-fulfilling prophecy" was coined by sociologist Robert Merton in 1948.

Page 76

19. "Pygmalion Effect" created by Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson

Page 77

20. Mindset by Carol Dweck
21. Children with performance goals avoid challenges
22. Children with mastery goals seek challenges
23. Children with performance goals respond to failure by giving up.
24. Children with mastery goals respond to failure by working harder.
25. What this means is that children with mastery goals learn more, and get smarter, than children with performance  goals.

Page 81

26. The "norm of self-interest" in American society by Psychologist Dale Miller.

Page 82

27. The Theory of Moral Sentiments by Adam Smith

Page 84

28. A Conflict of Visions by Thomas Sowell
29. The constrained vision, put forth by philosopher Thomas Hobbes, focuses on the selfish, aggressive dark side of human nature, and assumes that we cannot change human nature but must instead impose constraints through an all-powerful state, the Leviathan.
30. As Anthropologist Clifford Geertz observed, human beings are "unfinished animals."  What we can reasonably expect of people depends on how our social institutions "finish" them.

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz, Chapter 3

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Author: Barry Schwartz
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Chapter 3: How Good Work Goes Bad

Page 39

1. The Principles of Scientific Management by F.W. Taylor

Page 40

2. The Human Equation by Jeffrey Pfeffer

Page 41

3. Curriculum specialists, sitting in offices at boards of education, design curricula that are "idiot proof," spelling out in excruciating detail how the lessons should go.

Page 42

4. Practical Wisdom by Ken Sharpe and Barry Schwartz

Page 44

5. Standardized scripted curricula are tied directly to standardized tests, which are the most common measure of educational progress.
6. Standardized tests gave birth to standardized, scripted curricula.

Page 45

7. The scripted curricula and tests were aimed at improving the performance of weak teachers in failing schools-or forcing them out of teaching altogether.

Page 46

8. The reliance on material incentives as the principal motivator of employees.  Carefully crafted incentive schemes, designed to ensure top performance, can often produce the opposite-competition among employees, and efforts to game the system and look good on whatever metric is being used to assign pay and bonuses without actually producing the underlying results that the metric is meant to asses.
Page 47

9. Patients' diseases and my service became commodities that were bought and sold at a price.

Page 48

10. The managed care organizations would get an annual fee per patient (called "capitation").  If a given patient cost more than that annual fee (because, for example, of repeated referrals to specialist), the managed care organization would suffer a loss.

Page 52

11. The billable hours system provides greater profits for the partners than they can make by themselves.

Page 54

12. Adding financial incentives to situations in which people are motivated to work hard and well without them seems to undermine rather than enhance the motives people already have.  Economist Bruno Frey calls it "motivational crowding out."
13. Psychologist Edward Deci, Richard Ryan, and Mark Lepper talk about how "extrinsic" motivation, like the pursuit of money, undermines "intrinsic" motivation.

Page 55

14. But there is nothing to stop people from interpreting a fine as a price.

Page 56

15. The fines demoralized what had previously been a moral act.
16. And this is what incentives can do in general.  They can change the question in people's minds from "Is this right or wrong?"  to "Is this worth the price?"

Page 57

17. So reasons don't always add; sometimes, they compete.
18. Participants in the study can construe the task they face either as a social transaction (doing someone a favor) or a financial one (working for a fee).
19. Don't confuse social transactions with financial transactions.

Page 60

20. Economist Fred Hirsch said forty years ago, "the more that is written in contracts, the less can be expected without them; the more you write it down, the less is taken, or expected, on trust."
21. Work and Integrity by William Sullivan
22. There is really no substitute for the integrity that inspires people to do good work because they want to do good work.
23. And the more we rely on incentives as substitutes for integrity, the more we will need to rely on them as substitutes for integrity.

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Acknowledgements, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Acknowledgements
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Questions

1. What was the name of the book Brian Selznick read that gave him the idea to write a story about Georges Melies?
2. What institution did Brian Selznick visit in Philadelphia?
3. When did the automaton arrive to the institute?
4. What name did the automaton, at the Franklin Institute, sign when they got it working?
5. Where can you see the Maillardet automaton?
6. Who arranged the visit to the Franklin Institute?
7. Who showed Brian Selznick around the museum?
8. Who is a film historian in Paris?
9. Who is Associate Professor of Film Studies, University of Colorado at Boulder?
10. Who is Professor of Film Studies, Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences Program, University of Washington, Tacoma?
11. Who sits on the Committee on Cinema and Media, University of Chicago?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 12, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 12: Winding It Up
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Questions

1. How many different pictures can Hugo’s automaton produce?
2. How many words can the automaton write?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 11, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 11: The Magician
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Questions

1. Who raised money for the Melies family?
2. Who intervened with the Melies family and the fundraising with the French Film Academy?
3. What was in the corner of Hugo’s bedroom?
4. Where were Etienne, Isabelle, and Hugo going in this chapter?
5. What did Isabelle hand Hugo before leaving the apartment?
6. At the end, how many films from Georges Melies did The French Film Academy save?
7. What was the last movie played at the event?
8. How does Papa Georges see the audience at this event?
9. Why name did Papa Georges give Hugo?
10. “Professor Alcofrisbas was a character who appeared in many of my films, sometimes as an explorer, sometimes as an alchemist- a person who can turn anything to gold.”  What does the use of the word character suggest about the author’s point of view?  (Target 7, L 5, RL 4, Target 14, L 5, L 5A, L 5B

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 10, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 10: A Train Arrives in the Station
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Questions

1. Where was Hugo taken by the Station Inspector, Madame Emile, and Monsieur Frick?
2. How did Hugo end up at the train tracks?
3. What does the author mean on page 471, “But for Hugo, his entire world was ending”? (Target 3, RL 4, L 4, L 5c, Target 10, RI 4, L 4, L 5c)
4. “The Station Inspector reached forward for Hugo, but the old man said, in his most dramatic voice, ‘take your hands off of him,’”  What does the phrase “Take your hands off of him” tell the reader about Papa Georges?  (Target 7, L 5, RL 4, Target 14, L 5, L 5A, L5B)
5. How old is Hugo?
6. Who confirmed Hugo’s story about his uncle being dead?
7. Who did Hugo go home with?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 9, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 9: The Ghost in the Station
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Questions

1. What was the name of the owner of the cafe?
2. What was the name of the newspaperman?
3. What was the name of the river the body was found?
4. Who was the body the police found at the bottom of the river?
5. Who said the station is haunted?
6. Who burst into Hugo’s apartment?
7. How did Hugo escape the Station Inspector?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 8, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 8: Opening the Door
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Questions

1. Why didn’t Papa Georges open the door?
2. Who was terrified that Papa Georges didn’t open the door?
3. Who was sobbing that Papa Georges wasn’t opening the door?
4. Whose parents were shoemakers?
5. What conclusion can be drawn about the types of movies Papa Georges’ made when he was younger? (Target 1, RL 1, Target 8, RI 1, RI 7)
6. Who wanted Papa Georges to work in their factory?
7. What did Papa Georges like about the shoe factory?
8. Where did Papa Georges get the money to buy a magic theater?
9. Who was Papa Georges assistant at the magic theater?
10. Who invented the movies?
11. What inference can be made about the Lumber Brothers not wanting to sell Papa Georges a camera?  (Target 4, RL 3, RL 6, RL 9, Target 11, RI 3, RI 6, RI 7, RI 8, RI 9)
12. There wasn’t competition in the movie industry in Paris before the war.  After the war, there was too much competition.  What happened after the war?
13. Who died in a car accident?
14. What type of job did Isabelle’s dad have in the movie industry?
15. What type of job did Isabelle’s mother have?
16. Which sentence best describes the author’s main idea in Chapter 8, Opening the Door? (Target 2, RL 2, Target 9, RI 2)
17. What did Papa Georges do with his old sets and costumes?
18. On page 406, “I was forced to sell my movies to a company that melted them down and turned them into shoe heels.”  What does this sentence mean to you?
19. How did Papa Georges buy the toy booth?
20. What did Papa Georges say he did with the automaton?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 7, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 7: The Visit
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Questions

1. What did Isabelle buy with the money earned at the toy booth?
2. What is wrong with the clocks at the train station?
3. Why couldn’t Hugo fall asleep?
4. Why was Mama Jeanne not happy that Etienne and Monsieur Tabard showed up unexpectedly to her home?
5. What does Monsieur Tabard mean by, “If you’ve ever wondered where your dreams come from when you go to sleep at night, just look around.  This is where they are made”?
6. What did Etienne and Monsieur Tabard bring on their visit for Papa Georges?
7. What was the fabric that Hugo found in the broken box in the armoire?
8. What is the name of the movie the costume was used in?
9. Why do you think Papa Georges took the projector to his room and locked the door?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret, Chapter 6, by Brian Selznick

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 6: Purpose
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Questions

1. Who opened the toy booth?
2. Why was Hugo frustrated at not being able to draw or play with any of the mechanical parts?
3. Which book was Isabelle reading over?
4. Who was a thief in Isabelle’s Greek myths book?
5. How did Hugo think that the painting he saw was a version of Prometheus?
6. What do you think Hugo means, “if you lose your purpose… it’s like you’re broken”?
7. Why did Isabelle ask Hugo, is fixing things your purpose?
8. What does Hugo mean on page 378, “You know, machines never have any extra parts.  They have the exact number and type of parts they need”?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, Chapter 5

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 5: Papa Georges Made Movies
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Questions

1. Who went to see Hugo?
2. What is wrong with the Papa Georges?
3. Who did Etienne introduce Hugo to?
4. What did Hugo do that made Isabelle unhappy?
5. Why did Hugo tell Isabelle his life story?
6. What do you think Hugo has in mind that he is telling Isabelle to go by the toy booth tomorrow after school?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, Chapter 4

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Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 4: The Invention of Dreams
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Questions

1. Where did Hugo go first in this chapter?
2. Who didn’t let Hugo enter the building?
3. Who did Hugo see at the building?
4. What is the name of the small woman?
5. Who is studying to be a cameraman?
6. Where was the library?
7. What was the name of the book Etienne handed Hugo?
8. What was the name of the author of the book Etienne handed Hugo?
9. What year was the book written?
10. What was the name of the first movie made?
11. What made this movie an experience for the viewer?
12. What was the name of Hugo’s father’s favorite movie?
13. Who created this movie?
14. What did Georges Melies own before making the movie?
15. Why do you think the book says, “Georges Melies died sometime after the Great War”?
16. Why doesn’t Etienne believe Hugo?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, Chapter 3

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 3: The Plan
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Questions

1. What did Hugo take from Papa Georges coat?
2. Why didn’t Hugo spend the night at Papa Georges apartment?
3. Who did Hugo go see early in the mornings?
4. Where did Hugo go for his second visit?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, Chapter 2

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 2: The Armoire
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Questions

1. Why does Hugo and Isabelle think Mama Jeanne is hiding something in the armoire?
2. What did Isabelle and Hugo find?
3. Why did Papa Georges not believe the drawings were his?
4. Why did Papa Georges begin to cry when he saw the drawings?
5. Why was Papa Georges repeating, “An empty box, a dry ocean, a lost monster, nothing, nothing, nothing…”?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, Chapter 1

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 1: The Signature
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Questions

1. Why did Hugo feel the drawing the automaton made was from his father?
2. Whose name did the automaton sign when he was done with the drawing?
3. Why does Isabelle think Hugo stoled the book?
4. How did Hugo hurt his fingers?
5. Why did Hugo ask Mama Jeanne about the drawings?
6. Isabelle’s key necklace belonged to whom?
7. Why did Mama Jeanne not want the kids to tell Papa Georges about the automaton and the drawings?

The Invention of Hugo Cabret by Brian Selznick, Chapter 12

Book: The Invention of Hugo Cabret
Author: Brian Selznick
Chapter 12: The Message
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Questions

1. Why did Hugo want Isabelle’s key?
2. Who opened the door to Hugo’s apartment?
3. On page 235, Isabelle says, “why would my key fit into your father’s machine?  That doesn’t make any sense.”  What does she mean by this?
4. Who turned the key on the automaton?
5. What did the automaton write?
6. What did the automaton draw?

Electrical Parade is coming home by Brady MacDonald

Source: Los Angeles Times
Date: Sunday, December 25, 2016
Article: Electrical Parade is coming home
Writer: Brady MacDonald
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Question

1. What is coming back to Disneyland? A
2. When will A return?
3. Where was A?
4. When did A make its debut?
5. Who was the director of show development in 1971?
6. Who was the vice president of the park's entertainment division in 1971?
7. What was the reason the Main Street Electrical Parade almost didn't debut back in 1972?
8. The electrical parade was developed out of jealously from Disneyland executives towards the Florida park.  True or False
9. In what year did Disneyland welcome its 100 millionth visitor?
10. Who sketched the concept for the electrical parade?
11. What were the challenges to make the electrical parade possible?
12. What is the name of the song the Main Street Electrical Parade plays?
13. How did Disneyland get their floats from Chicago to Los Angeles?
14. How many miniature bulbs needed to be tinted by hand when assembling the floats?
15. Why was the first rehearsal on "absolute disaster"?
16. When did the Main Street Electrical Parade take its first break?
17. When did the Main Street Electrical Parade take its second break?
18. When was the Main Street Electrical Parade retired?
19. When did the Main Street Electrical Parade return, but to Disney California Adventure Park?
20. When was the Main Street Electrical Parade shipped to the Magic Kingdom?
21. Who started their own theme park design and production firm in Burbank?


Reference:
http://www.latimes.com/la-bio-brady-macdonald-staff.html
https://disneyland.disney.go.com/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXBoaD519P8
http://www.miziker.com/team/

Army has crushed extremists, Nigeria says by Robyn Dixon

Source: Los Angeles Times
Date: Sunday, December 25, 2016
Article: Army has crushed extremists, Nigeria says
Writer: Robyn Dixon
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Question

1. Who is the president of Nigeria?
2. Where is the Sambisa Forest?
3. What was the name of Boko Haram's camp?
4. How many school girls were kidnapped by Boko Haram?
5. How many prisoners did the Nigerian military rescue from the Sambisa Forest?
6. How many Boko Haram fighters were arrested?
7. How many girls did Boko Haram abduct in April 2014?
8. Who is the leader of Boko Haram?
9. When did Boko Haram start?
10. What does Boko Haram want to do?
11. How many people have fled their homes?

Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambisa_Forest
http://www.latimes.com/la-bio-robyn-dixon-staff.html

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz, Chapter 2

Book: Why We Work
Author: Barry Schwartz
ISBN: 978-1-4767-8486-1
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Chapter 2: When Work Is Good

Page 11

2. Many of us believe that only certain kinds of jobs permit people to find meaning, engagement, discretion, and autonomy, and opportunities to learn and grow.
3. Unsatisfying work is just the price people pay for a society in which affordable cars, cable tv, cell phones, and computers are the norm.
4. So either satisfying work is not for everybody, or unsatisfying work is the price we pay for material prosperity, or both.

Page 15

5. Job crafting

Page 16

6. Peter Warr, a professor of work psychology, has pointed out, to be satisfied with our work, we typically need a belief in the purpose of what we do.
7. Amy Wrzesniewski calls work that has such characteristics a "calling" and distinguishes it from work that is a "job" or a "career."
8. People who see their work as a "job" enjoy little discretion and experience minimal engagement or meaning.
9. People with jobs see work as a necessity of life, they work for pay, they would switch jobs if given the chance to earn more money, they can't wait to retire, and they would not encourage their friends or children to follow in their footsteps.

Page 17

10. People who see their work as a "career" generally enjoy more discretion and are more engaged.  They may even enjoy what they do.  But their focus is on advancement.  They see themselves as following a trajectory that leads to promotion, higher salary, and better work.

Page 20

11. People whose work is a calling get great satisfaction from what they do.

Page 22

12. "What Do Bosses Do?" by Stephen Marglin
13. You just need to be doing work that makes people's lives better

Page 27

14. The Human Equation by Jeffrey Pfeffer

Page 27

15. Pfeffer reports a study showing that in the automobile industry, Japan spends an average of 364 hours training each new employee, Europe spends 178, and the United States spends 21.

Page 30

16. Positivity by Barbara Fredrickson
17. When people are happy, they work better and they work smarter.
18. When people are in states of positive emotion, they think expansively and creatively.

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz, Chapter 1

Book: Why We Work
Author: Barry Schwartz
ISBN: 978-1-4767-8486-1
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Chapter 1: The False Rationale

Page 5

1. The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith published in 1776

Page 6

2. "Scientific Management" Movement by Frederick Winslow Taylor

Page 7

3. What Smith was telling us is that the only reason people do any kind of work is for the payoffs it produces
4. And as long as it produces adequate payoffs, what the work itself consists of doesn't matter.
5. But as capitalism developed in his shadow, under the sway of the "incentive theory of everything," a mode of work evolved in which all the other satisfaction that might come from it were neglected or eliminated.

Page 8

6. But the work of farmers, craftsmen, and shopkeepers, hard though it may have been, offered people a fair amount of discretion, autonomy, and variety in what they did each day.
7. Work gave them a chance to use their ingenuity to solve problems as they arose and to develop more effective ways to get their work done.
8. What people come to seek in work largely depends on what their work makes available.

Page 9

9. The lesson here is that just how important material incentives are to people will depend on how the human workplace is structured.
10. Theory "Y" by Douglas McGregor

Page 10

11. Forty years ago, the distinguished anthropologist Clifford Geertz said that human beings are "unfinished animals."
12. That human nature is more created than discovered.
13. We "design" human nature, by designing the institutions within which people live.

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz, Introduction

Book: Why We Work
Author: Barry Schwartz
ISBN: 978-1-4767-8486-1
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Introduction: The Crucial Question

Page 1

1. Satisfied workers are engaged by their work.
2. Satisfied workers lose themselves in the work.
3. Satisfied workers think the work they do is fun.
4. Satisfied workers do their work because they feel that they are in charge.
5. Their workday offers them a measure of autonomy and discretion.
6. Satisfied workers use that autonomy and discretion to achieve a level of mastery or expertise.

Page 2

7. We think that material rewards are a pretty bad reason for working.
8. When we say of someone that "he's in it for the money," we are not merely being descriptive; we're passing judgment.

Page 3

9. 2013 Gallup Report says, there are twice as many "actively disengaged" workers in the world as there are "engaged" workers who like their jobs.
10. Work is more often a source of frustration than one of fulfillment for nearly 90% of the world's workers.

Why We Work by Barry Schwartz

Book: Why We Work
Author: Barry Schwartz
ISBN: 978-1-4767-8486-1
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Table of Contents

Introduction: The Crucial Question
Chapter 1: The False Rationale
Chapter 2: When Work Is Good
Chapter 3: How Good Work Goes Bad
Chapter 4: The Technology of Ideas
Chapter 5: The Future of Work